Main theme
Changing population age structures: Components, perspectives and policy implications


Programme Coordinator
Encarnación Aracil, Universidad Complutense, Spain, enaracil@cps.ucm.es
 

This call for papers has a deadline for receipt of abstracts by 15 December 2007. Abstracts of a maximum of 250 words should be sent by electronic mail to sessions organisers listed below and cc’ed to the Chair of the Programme Committee, Encarnacion Aracil, Universidad Complutense, Spain, enaracil@cps.ucm.es

Submissions of proposed papers must include:

Session 1: Panel discussion on governmentality, law, public policy and the changing population age structures

Invited speakers only
Panel Convenor: D Sundaram, Center for Research on New International Economic Order (CReNIEO), India, dsundaram@hotmail.com
The industrialized and non–industrialized countries have different profile of the changing population age structures warranting scholarly scrutiny as a demographic concern with a scope to look into the socio-legal perspectives of Governance policy.
The framework of Governmentality and its policy as a socio–legal regime on the issue of the Changing Population Age Structure, the related issues of education and employment of the young and working population and social security like pensions, employment, health care towards the older population besides the emerging international migration phenomenon as shaped by changing population age structure are yet to be scrutinized.
Thus, the changing population age structures need to be analysed as demography of any society not only in their conditioning and consequential factors of economic, cultural and technological development but also of the influence of the prevailing “power relationship” within the society THROUGH Governance, its legislative agenda and public and political policy. This is considered as a kind of “subjectification” of the population issues under the fashion of Social modernity through “GOVERNMENTALITY and the LEGAL FACTS” totally different from the “SOCIAL FACTS” –an external social composition- and thus the population issues including the changing population age structure appear that they are not the subject of homosapiens but also of the State and Law of the land and public policy.
Accordingly, the Panel Discussion, by recognising the existing scholarship on the role of population science in general in constructing population issues in working with institutionalized political power to govern population issues, will look into the socio-legal modernity of the legislative policies and related praxis of the governmentality within the framework of socio-legal conceptualization and within the Critical theory of modernity of STATE AND GOVERNANCE ON THE CHANGING POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE AND ITS IMPACT through a case study of one developing and another of a developed country.

Session 2: The persistence of subreplacement fertility, age structure and public policy

Organiser: Bali Ram, Statistics Canada, Canada, bali.ram@statcan.ca
The age structure of a country’s population is largely determined by changes in its fertility level. Today, there are about sixty countries where fertility has reached the replacement level or lower, with about forty of them having had it this way for several decades. Although subreplacement level fertility is generally a characteristic of industrialized countries, in recent years several less industrialized countries have made the transition to low fertility, with some doing it in a very short period of time. These varying fertility trends and pace of declines have different effects on the age structure of the population. This session will focus on different policy options to cope with the effects of subreplacement level fertility on age structure and related social and economic issues. Some questions to be addressed are as follows: What needs to be done to reverse the trends in fertility declines? What are the effects of changes in age structure on social security and health care in low fertility countries? Can the existing age structure sustain economic development in these countries? How useful is immigration as an option to cope with the expected declines in the proportion of working-age population?

Session 3: The globalization of labor and changes in family structures

Organiser: Elena Bastida, The University of Texas PanAmerican, USA, bastida@utpa.edu
Despite the importance attributed to global migration in the sociological literature and related disciplines, its impact on the family structure has received less attention. Surprisingly little is known about migration and marital dissolution, the persistence of old and the acquisition of new intimate ties, kinship network fragmentation and the reconfiguration of earlier norms on filial piety that structured the relationship between old and young family members. This session will examine changes in family structure resulting from late twentieth century migratory patterns. Papers exploring these topics, specifically as they unfold within the sending family and their reconfiguration in the receiving society are especially welcomed.

Session 4: Youth and population age-structural change

Organiser: Rosa María Camarena, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, rcamaren@servidor.unam.mx
The population’s age-structural change has become a central issue in contemporary societies as it affects multiple aspects of a country’s life (economic, social, political, demographic) at both the macro and micro levels. The changing age structures produce new challenges, pressures and burdens for facing the differential needs and demands of the distinct age groups, but may also open opportunities to meet them.
Although change in the balance of population’s age composition affects all age groups, its repercussions may be different for each group, depending on the characteristics and dynamics of the change by itself, the context and circumstances in which it occurs, the specific needs and demands of each age group and the society’s policy response to face and/or exploit it.
In particular, for the young, who are immerse in a period of life plenty of events and critical shifts of life-status, the age-structural change may have important implications that will be reflected not only in their current living conditions and life chances, but also in those of their families and communities and, in the medium and long terms, in their characteristics and conditions of life as adults and aged people, as present young move through the different stages of life.
The session attempts to address the implications of population’s age-structural changes over young people’s lives in realms such as education, employment, housing, health -including sexual and reproductive health-, as well as at the level of young’s relations and interactions with their families and older generations, and the policy implications of all that. It looks to address questions such as: How do age structure changes impact on young’s needs and demands satisfaction? What do those changes mean in terms of age group’s competition for resources, goods and services, both at the macro and micro levels? How does the changing balance of the age groups affect intergenerational/intra-family relationships relative to mutual support (material, affective, organizational)? In particular, what does population ageing mean for young in terms of duties, burdens, responsibilities, but also in terms of changing life styles and individual behaviours? Which are the policy implications towards youth arising from shifts in age composition of population?

Session 5: A society for all ages: Meeting the challenges of population ageing

Organiser: Joseph Troisi, University of Malta, Malta, joseph.troisi@um.edu.mt
The world of the twenty-first century is experiencing an extraordinary revolution in longevity. During the latter part of the 20th century, life expectancy has increased by about 20 years, and is expected to extend a further 10 years by 2050. Population ageing poses unique challenges to every society because, unlike other population growth variables such as the fertility and mortality rates which, to a considerable extent can be influenced by government policies, the process of population ageing is in actual fact irreversible.
Moreover, one cannot ignore the fact that the approach to these issues should not be treated in isolation. It should rather form an integral part of an over-all national development planning programme of each country. In the Western world, our ageing populations are becoming victims of professional models of care. Older persons are often viewed as making excessive demands on government expenditure. On their part, governments are encountering increasing difficulties in paying for the care of older persons.
The welfare programmes adopted by various governments were aimed more at protecting and caring for the older members. They were based upon the assumption that "society has a major responsibility to provide basic social welfare and support for all persons". This preoccupation has led to the creation of a relatively passive and disenchanted sector of the population.
This session provides a forum for outlining important contributions to this debate and present empirical data in support of these contributions. The papers presented are aimed at highlighting policies, programmes, and practices prevalent in different countries and regions of the world, for meeting the challenges of population ageing. It will also allow for an awareness of the existing cultural influences and insights.

Session 6: Links of population with natural disaster
 

Organiser: Gloria L. Nelson, The University of Philippines at Los Banos, The Philippines, glmnelson2001@yahoo.com.hk
In a disaster situation, a significant number of vulnerable people experience hazard and suffer severe damage and disruption of their livelihood system. Many of this vulnerable population have their lives shortened by natural hazardous events such as earthquakes, flashfloods , landslides and catastrophic events such as, epidemics and hunger that occur in many parts of the world especially in (but not only) the third world. This session will include papers that will bring about a crucial point in the understanding why disasters occur and to understand that “natural” and the “ human” are bond together in almost all disaster situation. The papers hope to shed light that disasters are not only cause by natural events but they are also product of the social, political, and economic environment as distinct from natural environment because disasters tend to structure the lives of different groups of people. Disaster are events that deserve special focus in the study of population .

Session 7: The fourth stage of epidemiological transition: Social and policy implication of the changing health and illness pattern

Organiser: Ofra Anson, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, ofra@bgu.ac.il
The fourth stage of epidemiological transition brought about some changes in the patterns of health and illness, of which the most unexpected is the returning of infectious diseases. Health and illness patterns in our era are characterized with two main epidemics: syndrome X and AIDS/HIV. Moreover, the aetiology and the control of these conditions are far more related to social behaviour than to sanitation or medical intervention. Due to both conditions we are now dealing with long-term chronic and infectious diseases which change the care needs of the population. In this session we would like to present and discuss data regarding these changing patterns of health and illness and its pace. We would also like to deal with the social consequences of these epidemics: are intra- and inter-societal health inequalities increasing? What are the implications for health care needs and what should be the new targets of health care policies? Who carries the major burden of care?
 

Session 8: Open session
 

Organiser: E. Aracil, Universidad Complutense, Spain, enaracil@cps.ucm.es
Paper proposals that do not fit to the topic of any of the planned sessions may be submitted to the RC41 Programme Coordinator for integration in this open session or alternative arrangements. Spanish speaking young scientists are welcomed to present their papers in this session.